Roses are woody perenials. There are over 100 species and four subgenera: Hulthemia, Hesperrhodos, Platyrhodon and Rosa. The first three subgenera contain only one or two species from Asia or North America. The subgenus Rosa contains 11 sections being:
Banksianae - white and yellow flowered roses from China.
Bracteatae - three species, two from China and one from India.
Caninae - pink and white flowered species from Asia, Europe and North Africa.
Carolinae - white, pink, and bright pink flowered species all from North America.
Chinensis - white, pink, yellow, red and mixed-color roses from China and Burma.
Gallicanae - pink to crimson and striped flowered roses from western Asia and Europe.
Gymnocarpae - one species in western North America (Rosa gymnocarpa), others in east Asia.
Laevigatae - a single white flowered species from China
Pimpinellifoliae - white, pink, bright yellow, mauve and striped roses from Asia and Europe.
Rosa (syn. sect. Cinnamomeae) - white, pink, lilac, mulberry and red roses from everywhere but North Africa.
Synstylae - white, pink, and crimson flowered roses from all areas.
Only 10 species of roses have been used to produce the many varieties of roses now available to gardeners. The best known and most popular class of garden roses are hybrid tea roses.
Roses are arguably the most popular ornamental plant in the world. The number of cultivars and varities is unknown but numbers in the thousands. The EveryRose.com database website contains details on over 7500 roses.
The fruits of many species of rose can be used as food supplements. They are a rich source of vitamins. Rosa chinensis is used in Chinese medicine.
For more detailed information see this comprehensive article about roses.
Additional plant information
Flowers
Flower colour: numerous Flowering season: spring summer autumn
Scent
Rose flowers are beautifully perfumed
Plant size
Maximum height: 7 metres Minimum height: 0.15 metres
Maximum width: not specified Minimum width: not specified
Sunlight, frost & salt tolerance
This plant will tolerate full sunlight. Medium frost tolerance. Plant is not salt tolerant.
Fauna attracting?
Yes. Attracts: insects & birds.
Climate
This plant species will grow in the following climates: cool, temperate, subtropical, tropical.
Soil types & conditions
Loam: well-drained.
Clay: not specified.
Sand: not specified.
Soil pH: 6-7
Diseases
black spot, powdery mildew and rust
Pests
Aphids
Miscellaneous information
Planting season: winter.
Types of fertiliser: there are many varieties of specialised rose fertilisers.