Phormium tenax (New Zealand flax)

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Plant description

Phormium tenax is a tall clump forming perennial plant. Tough and hardy plants, they form a bold clump of large strap shaped leaves. The original species plant has olive green leaves, new varieties and hybrids have variously coloured leaves and compact forms. They flower in spring to summer with a tall spike of red or yellow flowers which attract birds.

Phormium tenax grows best on a moist, well drained soil, but can tolerate harsher conditions. It is drought and frost tolerant once established. It is suitable for coastal plantings. An easy care plant, remove any dead leaves and feed in spring.

Phormium is native to New Zealand. The common name comes from the fact that the leaves can be used as a good fibre source. It was traditionally used for rope making, as well as for clothing, baskets, sails and roofs. It is has medicinal properties. The roots are boiled and crushed, and are used externally for boils and abcesses. The sap contains enzymes that give it blood clotting and antiseptic properties. The seed contains high levels of omega-3 oils. The leaves can also be used for paper making.

Additional plant information

Flowers

Flower colour: red
Flowering season: summer

Plant size

Maximum height: 3 metres
Minimum height: not specified

Maximum width: 2 metres
Minimum width: not specified

Sunlight, frost & salt tolerance

This plant will tolerate full or partial sunlight.
Medium frost tolerance.
Plant is salt tolerant.

Fauna attracting?

Yes. Attracts: Birds, insects, bees.

Climate

This plant species will grow in the following climates: cool, temperate, subtropical, tropical.

Soil types & conditions

Loam: dry, moist, well-drained.

Clay: moist, well-drained.

Sand: moist, well-drained.

Soil pH: 4.5-8

Miscellaneous information

Planting season: Any.

Types of fertiliser: Good general purpose fertiliser.

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